One minute to know how to reduce costs and increase revenue for rooftop photovoltaic power plants

1、 Determine the type and condition of the roof

Identifying roofs: The first step in identifying roofs is to have a very intuitive judgment, which is to identify the type of roof, whether it is a flat roof, a sloping roof, or a metal roof, as well as the composition of the roof, whether it is concrete, tiles, ceramic tiles, or exposed whole materials.

Determine the conditions for roof construction

1. Utilization area: Firstly, determine how much usable area there is on the roof, as usable area directly determines the installed capacity of the photovoltaic system. Secondly, the orientation of the roof is best to face south, as we are in the Northern Hemisphere and the electricity generation is high when facing south, which is the most ideal way to receive solar radiation. It can also be slightly biased towards the east or west, usually within a few degrees or around 10 degrees, and can be controlled within 1% of the power generation loss, which is also acceptable.

2. Obstruction: Obstruction has a crucial impact on solar power generation systems, including the obstruction of buildings and the presence of tall trees around them that affect lighting

3. Waterproof: To determine the waterproof condition of a roof, it is important to check if there is a very good waterproof layer on the roof. If a building does not have a good waterproof system, it may not be able to meet the functional requirements of the roof during its lifespan.

4. Pattern and anti-corrosion are basic requirements for the roof: whether the type of metal roof can be installed should be judged first, and anti-corrosion should pay attention to the anti-corrosion effect of the anti-corrosion paint on the metal roof.

5. Load bearing capacity: The photovoltaic system should be built on the roof. If the roof's load-bearing capacity cannot meet the requirements of photovoltaic construction, this project will not be established.

The safety of photovoltaic systems and building safety includes fire prevention, lightning protection, and maintenance channels, and all contact points must be effectively protected. Lightning protection should be integrated with building lightning protection, and maintenance channels must be reserved for safety during maintenance.

2、 Tips for installing solar panels in sloping roof photovoltaic systems

1. The roof tiles on the sloping roof are used as decorative materials for the roof, and the solar panels are hung on the roof. How was it hung?

When selecting the structure, there are two characteristics for the installation method: 1. Photovoltaic modules are mainly installed in a sloping overhead manner. The photovoltaic array is laid parallel to the roof, and the support adopts a steel embedded part dot matrix fixed crossbeam;

2. The vertical distance between the photovoltaic modules installed on the slope support and the roof meets the requirements for installation and ventilation clearance (the overhead distance is generally 150-200mm).

The installation method of the bracket should pay attention to connecting the hanging tile strip and the water running strip to the fixed tile. The second is the form of horizontal tiles, because the ceramic tiles are glued to the tiles through concrete underneath, without any water running strips, and can only be made through concrete. As a new material, the roof with oil felt tiles is gradually being applied more and more, because if the oil felt tiles are removed and restored, they will leak if not controlled properly. So, the method used is to increase the connection position at the fixed point. The oil felt tile has a certain thickness, which forms a certain space. Before and after fixing, it should be filled with sealant to avoid the hidden danger of water leakage.

3、 The waterproof layer of flat roof photovoltaic system is crucial

The structural selection of a flat roof can be based on the actual construction method of the roof finish, and the corresponding support system can be chosen. The support system generally consists of four parts: columns, foundations, inclined beams, and crossbeams. The battery components are connected to the crossbeam through fasteners. (Weight: 0.35~0.50kN/㎡)

Installation inclination angle: The inclination angle corresponding to the maximum annual power generation in the local area is used as the installation inclination angle of the bracket (theoretical calculation value);

Common forms of building structures: cast-in-place concrete frame and floor slab, steel structure+cast-in-place concrete floor slab, brick concrete structure+prefabricated floor slab;

Common roof finishes: waterproofing membrane, cement mortar protective layer, ceramic tiles.

The installation method of a flat roof bracket is U-shaped steel, which is a very thin thin-walled profile or aluminum alloy profile. These two materials have lower cost, higher strength, stable structure, and heavier weight for steel profiles, and higher cost and lighter weight for aluminum alloy profiles. Compared to aluminum profiles, steel profiles have a lower cost of about 0.2 yuan/watt.

4、 The influence of steel plate type on the design of color steel roof photovoltaic system

Color steel tiles are generally used in household factories or large industrial plants. The difference between its installation method and sloping roofs lies in the installation method of the supports. The color steel roof is supported by a fixture on top of the color steel plate. Its function is to install at an angle that follows the slope of the roof. If the structural bearing capacity of the roof can be met, the inclination angle can be raised to increase the installation angle. Common roof panel systems include vertical edge interlocking, vertical locking edge system, and profiled steel plate system (single or sandwich).

In summary, the precautions for installing photovoltaic roofs include the type of roof and the conditions available for construction, as well as the selection of installation characteristics for different types of roofs, avoiding installation hazards, selecting suitable materials, reducing costs, and expanding profits.